Tuesday, September 20, 2011

Martialyogarts

UNITED NATION INSTITUTE FOR TRAINING AND RESEARCH

Martial arts film

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other uses see Martial arts (disambiguation)
Martial arts film is a film genre. A sub-genre of the action film, martial arts films contain numerous fights between characters, usually as the films' primary appeal and entertainment value, and often as a method of storytelling and character expression and development. Martial arts are frequently featured in training scenes and other sequences in addition to fights. Martial arts films commonly include other types of action, such as stuntwork, chases, and/or gunfights.[1][2][3]
Hong Kong kung Fu film. The poster of "The Big Boss"
As with other action films, martial arts films are dominated by action to varying degrees; many martial arts films have only a minimal plot and amount of character development and focus almost exclusively on the action, while other martial arts films have more creative and complex plots and characters along with action scenes.[4] Films of the latter type are generally considered to be artistically superior films, but many films of the former type are commercially successful and well received by fans of the genre.[5][6]
Martial arts films contain many characters who are martial artists, and these roles are often played by actors who are real martial artists. If not, actors frequently train in preparation for their roles, or the action director may rely more on stylized action or filmmaking tricks like camera angles, editing, doubles, undercranking, wire work, and computer-generated imagery. Trampolines and springboards can also be used to increase the height of jumps. These techniques are sometimes used by real martial artists as well, depending on the style of action in the film.[7]
During the 1970s and 1980s, the most visible presence of martial arts films was the hundreds of English dubbed kung fu and ninja films produced by the Shaw Brothers, Godfrey Ho, Joseph Lai, and other Hong Kong producers. These films were widely broadcast on North American television on weekend timeslots that were often colloquially known as Kung Fu Theater, Black Belt Theater, or variations thereof.
Martial arts films have been produced all over the world, but the genre has been dominated by Hong Kong action cinema, peaking from 1971 with the rise of Bruce Lee until the mid 1990s with a general decline in the industry.[8] Other notable figures in the genre include Jackie Chan, Jet Li, Sammo Hung, Yuen Biao, and Donnie Yen. Hollywood has also participated in the genre with actors such as Chuck Norris, Jean-Claude Van Damme, Steven Seagal, Brandon Lee (son of Bruce Lee), Wesley Snipes, Gary Daniels, Mark Dacascos, and Jason Statham.[9] In recent years, Thailand's film industry has become an international force in the genre with the films of Tony Jaa,[10] and the Indonesian film industry has followed suit with Merantau starring Iko Uwais.[11][12][13] In Vietnam, there is martial artist and film star Johnny Tri Nguyen who starred in The Rebel (2007 Vietnamese film) and Clash (film). Women have also played key roles in the genre, including such actresses as Kathy Long, Michelle Yeoh, Angela Mao, and Cynthia Rothrock.[14][15][16] In addition, western animation has ventured into the genre with the most successful effort being the internationally hailed DreamWorks Animation film franchise, Kung Fu Panda, starring Jack Black and Angelina Jolie.
Kung Fu films are a significant movie genre in themselves. Like westerns for Americans, they have become an identity of Chinese cinema. As the most prestigious movie type in Chinese film history, Kung Fu movies were among the first Chinese films produced and the wuxia period films(武俠片) are the original form of Chinese Kung Fu films. The wuxia period films came into vogue due to the thousands of years popularity of wuxia novels(武俠小說). For example, Jin Yong[17] and Gu Long,[18] their wuxia novels directly led to the prevalence of wuxia period films.
In Chinese-speaking world, martial arts films are commonly divided into two subcategories - the wuxia period films(武俠片), and the more modern Kung fu films(功夫片, best epitomized in the films of Bruce Lee).[19]

Contents

[hide]

[edit] List of notable martial arts films

 The inclusion or exclusion of items from this list, or length of this list, is disputed. Please discuss this issue on the talk page. July 2011
Recentism.svg
 This article or section may be slanted towards recent events. Please try to keep recent events in historical perspective. (July 2011)
Notable martial arts films:
Year Title
1928 The Burning of the Red Lotus Temple
1949 The True Story of Wong Fei Hung
1966 Come Drink with Me
1966 Dragon Inn
1967 The One-Armed Swordsman
1969 Chinese Boxer
1970 Vengeance
1971 The Big Boss
1971 Billy Jack
1972 Fist of Fury (aka) The Chinese Connection
1972 Way of the Dragon
1972 Kung Fu (TV series)
1973 Enter the Dragon
1974 The Street Fighter
1978 Five Deadly Venoms
1978 The 36th Chamber of Shaolin
1978 Snake in the Eagle's Shadow[20]
1978 Drunken Master
1979 Knockabout
1982 The Prodigal Son
1982 Shaolin Temple
1983 Zu Warriors from the Magic Mountain
1983 Project A
1983 Winners and Sinners
1984 The Karate Kid
1985 Mr. Vampire
1985 Yes, Madam[21]
1985 Police Story
1988 Bloodsport
1989 Best of the Best
1989 Kickboxer
1991 Once Upon a Time in China
1992 Under Siege
1992 Supercop
1992 Rapid Fire (1992 film)
1993 The Bride With White Hair[22]
1993 Iron Monkey[23]
1993 Only the Strong
1994 Timecop
1994 Fist of Legend
1994 Drunken Master II[24]
1995 Mortal Kombat
1995 Rumble in the Bronx
1996 Kickboxer
1997 Mortal Kombat Annihilation
1998 Rush Hour
1999 The Matrix
2000 Shanghai Noon
2000 Romeo Must Die
2000 Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon[25]
2002 Hero
2002 Undisputed
2003 Ong-Bak: Muay Thai Warrior
2004 Kung Fu Hustle
2004 New Police Story
2004 Fighter in the Wind
2005 SPL: Sha Po Lang
2005 Tom-Yum-Goong
2006 Hak kuen
2006 Undisputed II: Last Man Standing
2006 The Rebel
2006 Fearless
2007 Flash Point
2008 Kung Fu Panda
2008 Chocolate
2008 Ong Bak 2
2008 Ip Man
2008 Never Back Down
2008 The Forbidden Kingdom
2008 Redbelt
2009 Chandni Chowk to China
2009 Merantau
2009 Ninja Assassin
2009 Raging Phoenix
2010 True Legend
2010 Undisputed III: Redemption
2010 Ip Man 2
2010 The Karate Kid (2010)
2010 Ong Bak 3
2010 Reign of Assassins
2010 Tekken
2011 Kung Fu Panda 2
2011 Warrior (2011 film)

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ "The Problem With Fx"
     
    . Newsweek. Retrieved 2010-07-04.
  2. ^ Beale, Lewis (1986-04-20). "Martial Arts Pics--packing A Hard Punch"
     
    . The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2010-09-04.
  3. ^ "Martial arts moves get a hip-hop flair"
     
    . Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
  4. ^ Wren, Celia (1992-02-23). "FILM; Martial-Arts Movies Find a Home In South Africa"
     
    . New York Times. Retrieved 2010-12-05.
  5. ^ "Maximizing The Matrix"
     
    . Newsweek. Retrieved 2010-07-04.
  6. ^ "Film genre 2000: new critical essays"
     
    . Retrieved 2011-9-8.
  7. ^ "The Problem With Fx"
     
    . Newsweek. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  8. ^ Schneiderman, R. M. (2009-05-23). "Contender Shores Up Karate’s Reputation Among U.F.C. Fans"
     
    . The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-01-30.
  9. ^ "Revenge of kungfu Martial arts films are socking away the dough"
     
    . Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
  10. ^ "Hitting the Big Time"
     
    . Time. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
  11. ^ "GARETH EVANS AND IKO UWAIS TALK MERANTAU"
     
    . Twitch Film. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
  12. ^ "Jury Winners & Audience Winner at FANTASTIC FEST 2009 Announced!"
     
    . Ain't It Cool News.
  13. ^ Todd Brown. "UNDISPUTED 3, 14 BLADES and MERANTAU Win At Action Fest 2010. Chuck Norris Declines Lifetime Achievement Award!"
     
    . Twitch.
  14. ^ Meisler, Andy (1994-07-03). "TELEVISION; The Biggest Star You Never Heard Of"
     
    . The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
  15. ^ "HOLLYWOOD IS ON A MARTIAL ARTS KICK MASTERS OF ANCIENT WAYS BREAK INTO POP MAINSTREAM"
     
    . Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved 2010-12-21.
  16. ^ "MOVIES The Next Action Hero? Kathy Long is a champion kickboxer whose movie moves remind some of Norris and Van Damme"
     
    . The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2010-12-21.
  17. ^ "Jin Yong and Chinese Martial Arts Novels"
     
    . Hong Kong Films Free Web.
  18. ^ "Kung Fu (Wuxia) Novels Translation"
     
    . Lannyland.
  19. ^ "Everybody is kung fu fighting"
     
    . MSNBC. Retrieved 2010-12-17.
  20. ^ "10 classics provide visual poetry -- on video"
     
    . The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2010-12-21.
  21. ^ "10 classics provide visual poetry -- on video"
     
    . The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2011-01-06.
  22. ^ "10 classics provide visual poetry -- on video"
     
    . The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2011-01-06.
  23. ^ "10 classics provide visual poetry -- on video"
     
    . The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2011-01-06.
  24. ^ "10 classics provide visual poetry -- on video"
     
    . The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2011-01-06.
  25. ^ "10 classics provide visual poetry -- on video"
     
    . The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2011-01-06.

[edit] External links

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Martial Arts Choreography

History

The history of staged fight and mock combat can be traced to antiquity, or indeed to the origins of the human species and primate display behaviour. Display of martial aptitude is a natural occurrence in warrior societies, and ritualized forms of mock combat often evolve into war dances. Fights staged for entertainment may also be in earnest for the combatants, as was the case with the Roman gladiators, and any public duel, such as the judicial duel of the European Middle Ages. Depiction of violence in theatre can also be traced to Antiquity, with Aristotle quoted as noting that "conflict is the essence of comedy".[citation needed]
The medieval tournament and joust are a classical examples of competitive ritualised mock combat. The joust from the time of Maximilian I developed into a sport with enormous cost involved for each knight and correspondingly high prestige attached, comparable to contemporary Formula One races, while at the same time minimizing the danger of injury with highly specialized equipment.
In the Late Middle Ages, staged fencing bouts, with or without choreography, became popular with fencing schools. Some German combat manuals have sections dedicated to flamboyant techniques to be employed in such Klopffechten ("knockabout fighting"), which would be impractical in serious combat, and the Late Medieval German masters distinguish mock fights (fechten zu schimpf) and real combat (fechten zu ernst).
In Asia, stylized stage combat has been a staple feature of traditional Japanese (Kabuki tachimawari), Chinese (Beijing Opera) and Indian performing arts for centuries. The history of European theatrical combat has its roots in medieval theatre, and becomes tangible in Elizabethan drama. It is speculated[citation needed] that Richard Tarleton, who was a member of both William Shakespeare's acting company and of the London Masters of Defence weapons guild, was among the first fight directors in the modern sense.
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, scenes of swordplay in touring theatrical productions throughout Europe, the British Commonwealth and the USA were typically created by combining several widely known, generic routines known as "standard combats". During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, fencing masters in Europe began to research and experiment with historical fencing techniques, with weapons such as the two-handed sword, rapier and smallsword, and to instruct actors in their use. Notable amongst these were George Dubois, a Parisian fight director and martial artist who created performance fencing styles based on gladiatorial combat as well as Renaissance rapier and dagger fencing. Egerton Castle and Captain Alfred Hutton of London were also involved both in reviving antique fencing systems and in teaching these styles to actors.[1]
Cinematic fencing has its roots in the 1920s, with the movies of Douglas Fairbanks. Martial arts movies emerge as a distinct genre from the 1940s, popularized by Bruce Lee from the 1960s.
Informal guilds of fight choreographers began to take shape in the 1970s with the establishment of The Society of British Fight Directors,1969 to 1996. More formal training was established with the formation of the Society of American Fight Directors in 1977. The British Academy Of Stage & Screen Combat (BASSC) and Fight Directors Canada in 1993, the Society of Australian Fight Directors Inc. in 1994, the New Zealand Stage Combat Society in 1995 and the British Academy of Dramatic Combat in 1996. In 1997, the first all-female stage combat theatre company since the 19th century was formed: Babes With Blades. As of 2005, East 15 Acting School, London, exclusively offers a B.A. (Hons) Degree in Acting & Stage Combat. Students also certify with the British Academy of Dramatic Combat and British Academy Of Stage & Screen Combat.

[edit] Techniques

Stage combat training includes unarmed combat skills such as illusory slaps, punches, kicks, throwing and holding techniques; theatrical adaptations of various forms of fencing such as rapier and dagger, smallsword and broadsword, as well as the use of other weapons, notably the quarterstaff and knives; and more specialized skills such as professional wrestling and different styles of martial arts. However, stage combat can include any form of choreographed violence and the options are limited only by safety concerns, and the ability of the participants involved. As a note, most of these techniques are drawn from actual fighting techniques, but modified to be safer for actors. For example, although there are a number of ways of creating the safe illusion of a slap to the face (which is obviously something that could really be done in combat), none of these involve making actual contact with the victim's face.
The over-riding concern is for the safety of the actors and audience. This requirement has led to the adaptation of many standard martial arts and fencing skills specifically for performance. For example, many basic sword attacks and parries must be modified to ensure that the actors do not bring the points of their weapons past their partner's face or otherwise inadvertently risk the other actor's health and well-being. Attacking actions in stage combat are extended past the performance partner's body, or aimed short of their apparent targets. Likewise, whereas their characters may be trying to violently twist each other's limbs, slap, or punch, or grapple, and engaging in vicious unarmed combat, the actors must operate at a high level of complicity and communication to ensure a safe, exciting fight scene. Considerable professional judgement is called upon to determine what technical level may be appropriate for a given performer, taking into account allotted rehearsal time, and the expectations of the director.
The combat phase of a play rehearsal is referred to as a fight rehearsal. Choreography is typically learned step by step, and practiced at first very slowly before increasing to a speed that is both dramatically convincing and safe for the performers and their audience. Even stage combat is risky, and it is preferable for actors to have as much training and experience as possible. A "fight call" or a brief rehearsal before the show is performed each time, set aside for the actors to "mark" through the fight to increase their muscle memory.
A show which involves fight choreography will typically be trained and supervised by a professional fight choreographer and may also include a fight captain, who runs fight calls and ensures that actors are remaining safe throughout the duration of the show.

[edit] Realism in fight choreography

Fight choreography can vary widely from true realism to outright fantasy depending upon the requirements of a particular production. One of the biggest reasons that theatrical fight directors often do not aim for strict realism is that the live audience could not easily follow the 'story' of the action if bodies and blades were moving in the ways trained fighters would move them. For example, a production of Cyrano de Bergerac (play), by Edmond Rostand, using 17th-Century rapiers, might show Cyrano making lots of circular cut attacks. But a more efficient, practical attack would be taking a quicker, more direct line to the opponent's body. But the fight director knows that the audience couldn't follow the action as well if the attacks were faster (the audience might hardly be able to see the thin blades whip through the air), so most fight choreographers would make choices to help the audience follow the story. Of course, this is dependent on the production, the director and other stylistic choices.
One school of fight choreographer thought says that an unusual aspect of live stage combat, such as in a play, is that audiences will react negatively to even simulated violence if they fear the actors are being harmed: for example, if an actor is really slapped in the face, the audience will stop thinking about the character and, instead, worry about the performer. Audiences may also fear for their own safety if large combat scenes seem to be out of control. Therefore, stage combat is not simply a safety technique but is also important for an audience to maintain uninterrupted suspension of disbelief.

[edit] Types of choreographed fights

[edit] In theatre

Having its roots in Medieval theatre, stage combat enters classical theatre choreography with Elizabethan drama (Shakespeare's simple and oft seen stage direction, they fight).
Classical plays with fight scenes:

[edit] On film

Main article: choreographed fight in cinema
Cinema inherited the concept of choreographed fights directly from the theatrical fight.
Douglas Fairbanks in 1920 was the first film director to ask a fencing master to assist the production of a fencing scene in cinema.[2] A second wave of swashbuckling films was triggered with Errol Flynn from 1935.
Renewed interest in swashbuckling films arose in the 1970s, in the wake of The Three Musketeers (1973). Directors at this stage aimed for a certain amount of historical accuracy, although, as the 2007 Encyclopedia Britannica puts it, "movie fencing remains a poor representation of actual fencing technique". The Star Wars films, the fights for which are choreographed by Bob Anderson & Peter Diamond (Episodes IV, V & VI) and Nick Gillard (Episodes I, II & III), tend to portray its lightsaber combat using swordsmanship techniques drawn from existing martial arts, but performed with fantasy weapons such as lightsabers or The Force, whereas the action featured in The Lord of the Rings film trilogy also choreographed by Bob Anderson employed fantasy weapons and fighting styles, designed by Tony Wolf.
During the 1970s and 1980s, Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan, who are famous for both choreographing and acting in martial arts action films, were influential in the development of stage combat on film.
Hong Kong based fight choreographer Yuen Wo-ping is famed for his work on Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the Matrix trilogy, in which the often unrealistic fighting techniques are complemented by directorial techniques such as bullet time. Ching Siu-tung is particularly noted in the field of Hong Kong action cinema for his use of graceful wire fu techniques. By contrast, films such as The Duellists, fight directed by William Hobbs, Once Were Warriors, fight directed by Robert Bruce and Troy, fight directed by Richard Ryan are widely famed for including gritty, realistic combat scenes.
With the possibilities of cutting and of filming outdoors, films have a much wider palette of possibilities to depict violence, including single combat, brawls and melees as well as full-blown battles.

[edit] Combat reenactment

Main articles: Combat reenactment and Historical martial arts reconstruction
Combat reenactment is a side of historical reenactment which aims to depict events of battle, normally a specific engagement in history, but also unscripted battles where the 'winner' is not predetermined.

[edit] References

  1. ^ Wolf, Tony. (2009) "A Terrific Combat!!! Theatrical Duels, Brawls and Battles, 1800-1920"[/]
  2. ^ 2007 Britannica, s.v. fencing.
  • William Hobbs, Fight Direction for Stage and Screen, Heinemann (1995), ISBN 978-0-435-08680-0.
  • Jenn Boughn, Stage Combat: Fisticuffs, Stunts, and Swordplay for Theater and Film, Allworth Press (2006), ISBN 1581154615.
  • Keith Ducklin and John Waller, A Manual for Actors and Directors, Applause Books (2001), ISBN 1557834598.
  • Dale Anthony Girard, Actors on Guard: A Practical Guide for the Use of the Rapier and Dagger for Stage and Screen, Theatre Arts Book (1996), ISBN 0878300570.
  • Michael Kirkland, Stage Combat Resource Materials: A Selected and Annotated Bibliography, Praeger Publishers (2006), ISBN 0313307105.
  • Richard Lane, Swashbuckling: A Step-by-Step Guide to the Art of Stage Combat and Theatrical Swordplay, Limelight Editions (2004), ISBN 0879100915.
  • Meron Langsner, 'Theatre Hoplology: Simulations and Representations of Violence on the Stage' in 'Text & Presentation 2006' edited by Stratos E. Constantinidis',McFarland (2007), ISBN 078643077X, 9780786430772.
  • J. D. Martinez, The Swords of Shakespeare: An Illustrated Guide to Stage Combat Choreography in the Plays of Shakespeare, McFarland & Company (1996), ISBN 0899509592.
  • J. Allen Suddeth, Fight Directing for the Theatre, Heinemann Drama (1996), ISBN 043508674X.
  • Richard Pallaziol, The Textbook of Theatrical Violence, Weapons of Choice (2009), woc-usa.net, ISBN 978-1-934703-82-3.
Video
  • Basic Stage Combat DVD, Educational Video Network (2004).
  • Traditioneller Schaukampf für Anfänger nach Dreynschlag, Agilitas TV (2007).

[edit] See also

Prof.Dr.Dibendu Nag.(N.D).PhD.DCO.
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Priyanka at a Glance

NAGfoundation

Priyanka Chopra

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Priyanka Chopra

Chopra at the Filmfare Magazine launch in Mumbai, October 2008
Born 18 July 1982 (age 29)
Jamshedpur, Jharkand, India
Occupation Actress, Singer
Priyanka Chopra (Hindi: प्रियंका चोपड़ा, pronounced [prɪˈjəŋkaː ˈtʃoːpɽaː]; born 18 July 1982)[1] is an Indian actress and former Miss World. Before starting her acting career, she worked as a model and gained fame after winning the Miss World title in 2000.[2] She is often referred to by the nickname "Piggy Chops", which was given to her by co-stars on the set of the film Bluffmaster![3]
Chopra made her acting debut with the 2002 Tamil film Thamizhan. The following year, she made her Bollywood film debut with The Hero: Love Story of a Spy and followed it with the hit Andaaz, for which she won a Filmfare Best Female Debut Award. In 2004, she became the second woman to win the Filmfare Best Villain Award, which she received for her critically acclaimed performance in Aitraaz. Chopra would later have commercial success with films like Mujhse Shaadi Karogi (2004), Krrish (2006) and Don – The Chase Begins Again.[4] In 2008, Chopra received a National Film Award for Best Actress, as well as a Filmfare Award for Best Actress[5][6] for her portrayal of a model in Fashion and has thus established herself as one of the leading contemporary actresses in Bollywood.[7][8]

Contents

[hide]

[edit] Early life and background

Chopra was born in Jamshedpur, Jharkhand to Ashok Chopra and Madhu Akhauri, both physicians by profession. Chopra spent her childhood in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh; Newton, Massachusetts; and Cedar Rapids, Iowa.[9] Her father was in the army and thus her family moved quite frequently. Her father hailed from a family of Punjabi origin, settled in Bareilly and her mother comes from a family settled in Jamshedpur. She also has a brother, Siddharth, who is seven years younger than she is.[10]
Chopra studied at La Martiniere Girls' School in Lucknow as a young girl. She subsequently re-located to the U.S. where she studied in Newton South High School in Newton, Massachusetts and then in John F. Kennedy High School in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. She returned to India and finished her high school at Army School in Bareilly. She began college at Jai Hind College in Mumbai, but left after winning the Miss World pageant.

[edit] Miss World

Chopra's mother sent in pictures of her for the Miss India contest. When she got called to participate, she was surprised and did it mainly to take a break from studying.[11] She came in second place at the Femina Miss India 2000 competition, winning the Femina Miss India World title. She was subsequently sent to the Miss World pageant, where she was crowned Miss World 2000.[12] In the same year, Lara Dutta and Dia Mirza, both also from India, won the Miss Universe and Miss Asia Pacific crowns respectively, in a rare triple victory for one country. When Chopra won the Miss World crown, she became the fifth Indian woman to win the title, and the fourth Indian woman to win in a span of seven years.

[edit] Acting career

[edit] Debut and breakthrough (2002–03)

Chopra made her debut in the 2002 Tamil film Thamizhan playing the role of Priya, the love interest of the protaginist in the film played by Vijay. The film was praised for its wit, although the depth of Chopra's character was seen as lacking.[13] Chopra also sang playback in the film, singing "Ullathai Killadhe" along with Vijay. In 2003, she appeared in her first Bollywood film, opposite Sunny Deol and Preity Zinta in the Anil Sharma film The Hero: Love Story of a Spy. She played a supporting role as a doctor named Shaheen in the film that The New York Times described as "ripping its text from the seething border tensions between India and Pakistan, spicing its conflict with hot-tempered religious zealots bent on nuclear havoc".[14] Despite being one of the highest grossing films of that year, the overall film was not well received by critics.[15] Chopra was awarded mostly good reviews for her debut Hindi performance.[16] Later that year she appeared in Raj Kanwar's Andaaz, playing the character of Jiya who falls in love with Raj Malhotra, played by Akshay Kumar. The film was a success at the box office,[15] earning her a Filmfare Best Female Debut Award and a nomination for Filmfare Best Supporting Actress Award. Rediff.com said of her role, "Priyanka Chopra alone clicks with the audience, thanks to her skimpy outfits."[17]

[edit] Initial success and struggle phase (2004–08)

Chopra as the seductive vamp Mrs Sonia Roy in Aitraaz (2004), which earned her the Filmfare Best Villain Award.
Her next few films released in 2004 Plan, Kismat and Asambhav performed poorly at the box office.[18] Later that year she appeared in David Dhawan's romantic comedy Mujhse Shaadi Karogi playing the role of a young fashion designer Rani along with Salman Khan and Akshay Kumar. The film turned out to be the third-highest grossing film of that year.[19] She next starred in Abbas-Mustan's thriller Aitraaz. It was her first negative role and her performance was critically acclaimed.[20] She earned a Filmfare Best Villain Award, becoming the second and last female actor to win the award after Kajol (the category has been retired since 2008). She also received a second nomination for Filmfare Best Supporting Actress Award for the role. Film critic Subhash K. Jha noted, "A star is born! As the predatory social-climbing seductress who can go to any length to satiate her lust for life, Priyanka Chopra rocks the scene like never before. The film is undoubtedly a triumph for Priyanka Chopra. With half a smile, a twitch of her lip and a movement of her eyebrow she seems to slip into her man-eater's role with captivating ease".[21] In 2005, she starred in six films. Four of them, Blackmail, Karam, Yakeen and Barsaat failed to do well.[18] However, her performance in Yakeen garnered good reviews from critics.[22]
Her other two 2005 releases, Waqt: The Race Against Time and Bluffmaster! performed moderately at the box office.[18][23] In 2006, Chopra starred in two of the most successful films of the year: Krrish, in which she shared the screen with Hrithik Roshan and Rekha, and Don – The Chase Begins Again, alongside Shahrukh Khan which was a remake of the 1978 film Don. She played the character of Roma, a role which was played by Zeenat Aman in the original movie.[24]
In 2007, she appeared in Nikhil Advani's ensemble piece Salaam-e-Ishq: A Tribute To Love. Despite a promising opening, the movie was a financial failure.[25] Chopra's next release, the much-delayed[26] Big Brother, also underperformed at the box-office. In 2008, Chopra acted in six films. Her first four films, Love Story 2050, God Tussi Great Ho, Chamku and Drona, were critically and commercially unsuccessful.[27] Critics started panning her for choosing the wrong movies and criticising her performances.[28] Still, she was noted for her physical performance in Drona with Rediff writing, "Chopra truly impresses with her convincing action heroine skills."[29]

[edit] Fashion and recent work (2008–present)

Chopra as the supermodel Meghna Mathur in Fashion (2008), which earned her the National Film Award for Best Actress, as well as the Filmfare Award for Best Actress.
After a series of flops, Chopra was cast in Madhur Bhandarkar's Fashion (2008) for the lead role of Meghna Mathur. Revolving around the fashion world through Chopra's role of an ambitious model, the film was a critical success. Her performance in the film was appreciated and earned her several awards for Best Actress including the National Film Award for Best Actress, as well as the Filmfare Award for Best Actress.[30][31] Subhash K Jha said of her performance, "Her transformation from the bubbly Chandigarh girl to the super-ambitious supermodel, who dumps her boyfriend and conscience to pursue her dreams, is achieved with a gentle subtlety and bridled passion. This is Priyanka’s coming-of-age film. She looks like a zillion bucks. And acts like a woman who connects with the darkest, most desperate human emotions without wallowing in them."[32] Chopra's final release of the year was Tarun Mansukhani's romantic comedy Dostana. The film was a moderate financial success.[27] Rajeev Masand wrote about her performance, "Priyanka Chopra, is at complete ease, slipping effortlessly into the role of the hottie-with-a-heart-of-gold; she looks smashing in this film, better than she's ever looked before."[33]
In 2009, she appeared in Vishal Bhardwaj's caper thriller Kaminey alongside Shahid Kapoor, playing the role of a feisty Marathi girl named Sweety. Her performance in the film was described by critic Taran Adarsh as "first-rate", who further stated, "She's so much in sync with her character... [and] gets the Maharashtrian accent perfect".[34] She subsequently appeared in Ashutosh Gowariker's romantic comedy What's Your Raashee?, a film which made Chopra the first actress in cinema history to portray 12 distinct characters in one film.[35] She was reportedly being considered for inclusion in the upcoming edition of Guinness World Records for this feat.[36] The film itself was a financial and critical failure,[37][38] but Chopra's performance in the film was appreciated by critics.[39]
In 2010, Chopra appeared in Jugal Hansraj's Pyaar Impossible where she portrayed the role of a college beauty who eventually falls in love with a geek. The film was a commercial and critical failure.[40] Her next release, Siddharth Anand's Anjaana Anjaani alongside Ranbir Kapoor, got a good initial response at the box office,[40] but was not well-received by the critics.[41]
In early 2011, Chopra appeared in Vishal Bhardwaj's black comedy 7 Khoon Maaf, in which she portrayed the role of an Anglo-Indian woman who murders her seven husbands. Her performance in the film garnered mixed reviews by the critics.[42][43] She has completed the filming of Farhan Akhtar's Don 2 – The Chase Continues alongside Shahrukh Khan. She has commenced the filming of Anurag Basu's Barfee, in which she is playing a mentally challenged girl, as well as Kunal Kohli's next venture opposite Shahid Kapoor in which she plays a yesteryear actress.[44][45] and Karan Johar's Agneepath remake,[46] the filming of both being held in back-to-back schedules.[47] Recently, she has also confirmed to be reprising her role in Krrish 2 alongside Hrithik Roshan.[48]

[edit] Music career

Chopra is also a trained western classical singer. In August 2011, she signed a worldwide recording agreement with Universal Music and Desi Hits to record and release her first music album.[49] The album will be released in North America with Desi Hits through Interscope Records and in other international markets on UK's Island Records. Her music career will be managed by Troy Carter, chief executive officer of Atom Factory. The album, which will be produced by Universal Music Group and Desi Hits will contain about ten pop songs and will release worldwide, sometime in 2012. Chopra is currently writing and recording the album in English.[50][51]

[edit] Other work

Chopra became a television host with the Colors' reality show Fear Factor – Khatron Ke Khiladi Level 3. She replaced actor Akshay Kumar who hosted the previous two seasons. The show, which premiered on 6 September 2010, beat the opening ratings of the previous two seasons.[52]
Chopra participated in a concert tour titled Temptations 2004 with other Bollywood actors and actresses, including Shahrukh Khan, Saif Ali Khan, Rani Mukerji, Preity Zinta and Arjun Rampal. She sang, danced and performed in skits.[53] She was also offered the opportunity do the playback singing of "Tinka Tinka" in Karam (2005). She declined, wanting to concentrate on acting, but later sang the song live on the TV program Sa Re Ga Ma Pa.[54]
On 12 December 2009, she was present as a judge for the Miss World 2009 competition held in Johannesburg, South Africa. She was also appointed as a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in 2010.[55]
Chopra continues to do some modelling work, such as appearing for fashion designer Ritu Kumar's collection at HDIL India Couture Week.[56] She has a number of endorsements and is one of the top paid Bollywood actresses in this respect.[57] She has represented brands including Lux, Ponds, Sunsilk, Hero Honda, Nokia, Tag Heuer, J. Hampsted and Virgin Comic.[58]

[edit] Awards and honours

See also: List of awards and nominations received by Priyanka Chopra
Chopra has won several movie awards, including the Filmfare Best Female Debut Award in 2003 for Andaaz, the Filmfare Best Villain Award in 2005 for Aitraaz, and the Filmfare Best Actress Award in 2009 for Fashion. She also received the 2009 National Film Award for Best Actress for Fashion.
In 2006, the UK magazine Eastern Eye ranked her first on their list of "Asia's Sexiest Women",[59] and an eBay online poll crowned her the Style Diva of the year.[60]

[edit] Filmography

Year↓ Title↓ Role↓ Notes
2002 Thamizhan Priya Tamil film
Sung playback for the song "Ullathai Killadhe"
2003 The Hero: Love Story of a Spy Shaheen Zakaria
2003 Andaaz Jiya Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut
Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress
2004 Plan Rani
2004 Kismat Sapna
2004 Asambhav Alisha
2004 Mujhse Shaadi Karogi Rani Singh
2004 Aitraaz Mrs. Sonia Roy Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role
Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress
2005 Blackmail Mrs. Rathod
2005 Karam Shalini
2005 Waqt: The Race Against Time Pooja (Mitali)
2005 Yakeen Simar
2005 Barsaat Kajal
2005 Bluffmaster! Simmi Ahuja
2006 Taxi Number 9211
Special appearance
2006 36 China Town Seema Special appearance
2006 Alag
Special appearance in song "Sabse Alag"
2006 Krrish Priya
2006 Aap Ki Khatir Anu
2006 Don: The Chase Begins Again Roma
2007 Salaam-e-Ishq: A Tribute to Love Kamini
2007 Big Brother Aarthi Sharma
2007 Om Shanti Om Herself Special appearance in song "Deewangi Deewangi"
2008 My Name is Anthony Gonsalves Herself Special appearance
2008 Love Story 2050 Sana / Zeisha Double role
2008 God Tussi Great Ho Alia Kapoor
2008 Chamku Shubhi
2008 Drona Sonia
2008 Fashion Meghna Mathur National Film Award for Best Actress
Filmfare Award for Best Actress
2008 Dostana Neha Melwani
2009 Billu Herself Special appearance in song "You Get Me Rockin & Reeling"
2009 Kaminey Sweety Shekhar Bhope Nominated—Filmfare Award for Best Actress
2009 What's Your Raashee? 12 roles Anjali / Vishakha / Kajal / Hansa / Mallika / Pooja / Rajni /
Nandini / Bhavna / Jhankhana / Sanjna / Chandrika
2010 Pyaar Impossible Alisha Merchant
2010 Jaane Kahan Se Aayi Hai Herself Special appearance
2010 Anjaana Anjaani Kiara
2011 7 Khoon Maaf Susanna Anna-Marie
Johannes
2011 Ra.One
Special appearance
2011 Don 2: The Chase Continues Roma Releasing on December 23, 2011
2012 Agneepath Kaali Releasing on January 26, 2012
2012 Barfee
Filming
2012 Teri Meri Kahaani
Filming
2012 Krrish 2 Priya Pre-production

[edit] See also

[edit] References

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    . The Times of India. 2009-07-17. Retrieved 2009-08-17.
  2. ^ Indo-Asian News Service (2000-12-05). "Priyanka admits lapse"
     
    . The Tribune. Retrieved 2009-08-29.
  3. ^ "Priyanka bored of Piggy Chops"
     
    . The Times of India. 2010-10-28. Retrieved 2011-03-14.
  4. ^ "Powerlist: Top Bollywood Actresses 2006"
     
    . Rediff.com. 2006-08-25. Retrieved 2006-08-26.
  5. ^ "National Film Awards: Priyanka gets best actress, 'Antaheen' awarded best film"
     
    . Times of india. 2010-01-23. Retrieved 2010-01-23.
  6. ^ "56th National Awards: Priyanka Chopra named Best Actress"
     
    . spicezee. 2010-01-24. Retrieved 2010-01-24.
  7. ^ Masand, Rajeev (2009-08-09). "To Catch a Star: Priyanka on her best role"
     
    . CNN-IBN. Retrieved 2009-08-16.
  8. ^ "Powerlist: Top Bollywood Actresses 2005"
     
    . Rediff.com. 2005-12-23. Retrieved 2009-08-16.
  9. ^ priyankachopra.org profile
     
    . Retrieved on 2008-11-19
  10. ^ Jha, Subhash K. (2007-03-17). "Priyanka's precious gift for her brother"
     
    . Bollywood Hungama. Retrieved 2007-03-19.
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    . Rediff.com. Retrieved 2011-04-07.
  12. ^ "Priyanka Chopra is Miss World 2000"
     
    . Rediff.com. 2000-11-30. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
  13. ^ "Thamizhan"
     
    . The Hindu. 2002-04-19. Retrieved 2010-03-19.
  14. ^ Van Gelder, Lawrence (2003-04-10). "The Hero: Love Story of a Spy (2003)"
     
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  50. ^ "Priyanka Chopra's Touching the right chords"
     
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  51. ^ "Lady Gaga's manager for Priyanka Chopra"
     
    . The Times of India. Retrieved 2011-08-06.
  52. ^ Indo-Asian News Service (2010-09-15). "Khatron Ke Khiladi 3 TRPs break record"
     
    . Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
  53. ^ "Temptation 2004"
     
    . sify.com. Retrieved 2011-03-19.
  54. ^ "Priyanka sings live on TV!"
     
    . India Times. 2010-09-24. Retrieved 2011-04-04.
  55. ^ Sampurn Wire (2010-08-07). "UNICEF To Sign Priyanka Chopra As Brand Ambassador"
     
    . Thai Indian. Retrieved 2010-09-02.
  56. ^ "Designers who are pioneers in Indian Bridal Couture"
     
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  57. ^ Times News Network (2011-03-13). "Ad-vantage B-Town bombshells"
     
    . The Times of India. Retrieved 2011-03-20.
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    . Retrieved 2009-02-19.
  59. ^ "rediff.com: Asia's sexiest women"
     
    . Specials.rediff.com. 20 September 2006. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
  60. ^ "Priyanka Chopra crowned style diva"
     
    . Priyanka Chopra officially been chosen as the Style Diva of 2006. Retrieved 11 August 2006.

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